Open Source Software

fnmatch(3)



NAME

   fnmatch - match filename or pathname

SYNOPSIS

   #include <fnmatch.h>

   int fnmatch(const char *pattern, const char *string, int flags);

DESCRIPTION

   The  fnmatch()  function checks whether the string argument matches the
   pattern argument, which is a shell wildcard pattern.

   The flags argument modifies the behavior; it is the bitwise OR of  zero
   or more of the following flags:

   FNM_NOESCAPE
          If  this  flag is set, treat backslash as an ordinary character,
          instead of an escape character.

   FNM_PATHNAME
          If this flag is set, match a slash in string only with  a  slash
          in  pattern  and  not  by an asterisk (*) or a question mark (?)
          metacharacter, nor by a bracket  expression  ([])  containing  a
          slash.

   FNM_PERIOD
          If  this  flag  is  set,  a  leading  period in string has to be
          matched exactly by a period in pattern.  A period is  considered
          to be leading if it is the first character in string, or if both
          FNM_PATHNAME is set and the period immediately follows a slash.

   FNM_FILE_NAME
          This is a GNU synonym for FNM_PATHNAME.

   FNM_LEADING_DIR
          If this flag (a GNU extension) is set, the pattern is considered
          to  be  matched if it matches an initial segment of string which
          is followed by a slash.  This flag is mainly  for  the  internal
          use of glibc and is implemented only in certain cases.

   FNM_CASEFOLD
          If  this  flag  (a GNU extension) is set, the pattern is matched
          case-insensitively.

   FNM_EXTMATCH
          If this flag (a GNU extension) is  set,  extended  patterns  are
          supported,  as  introduced  by  'ksh' and now supported by other
          shells.  The extended format is as  follows,  with  pattern-list
          being a '|' separated list of patterns.

   '?(pattern-list)'
          The  pattern  matches  if  zero or one occurrences of any of the
          patterns in the pattern-list match the input string.

   '*(pattern-list)'
          The pattern matches if zero or more occurrences of  any  of  the
          patterns in the pattern-list match the input string.

   '+(pattern-list)'
          The  pattern  matches  if  one or more occurrences of any of the
          patterns in the pattern-list match the input string.

   '@(pattern-list)'
          The pattern matches if exactly one  occurrence  of  any  of  the
          patterns in the pattern-list match the input string.

   '!(pattern-list)'
          The  pattern  matches if the input string cannot be matched with
          any of the patterns in the pattern-list.

RETURN VALUE

   Zero if string matches pattern, FNM_NOMATCH if there  is  no  match  or
   another nonzero value if there is an error.

ATTRIBUTES

   For   an   explanation   of   the  terms  used  in  this  section,  see
   attributes(7).

   
   Interface  Attribute      Value              
   
   fnmatch()  Thread safety  MT-Safe env locale

CONFORMING TO

   POSIX.1-2001,    POSIX.1-2008,     POSIX.2.      The     FNM_FILE_NAME,
   FNM_LEADING_DIR, and FNM_CASEFOLD flags are GNU extensions.

SEE ALSO

   sh(1), glob(3), scandir(3), wordexp(3), glob(7)

COLOPHON

   This  page  is  part of release 4.09 of the Linux man-pages project.  A
   description of the project, information about reporting bugs,  and  the
   latest     version     of     this    page,    can    be    found    at
   https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.



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