time(2)
NAME
time - get time in seconds
SYNOPSIS
#include <time.h>
time_t time(time_t *tloc);
DESCRIPTION
time() returns the time as the number of seconds since the Epoch,
1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC).
If tloc is non-NULL, the return value is also stored in the memory
pointed to by tloc.
RETURN VALUE
On success, the value of time in seconds since the Epoch is returned.
On error, ((time_t) -1) is returned, and errno is set appropriately.
ERRORS
EFAULT tloc points outside your accessible address space (but see
BUGS).
On systems where the C library time() wrapper function invokes
an implementation provided by the vdso(7) (so that there is no
trap into the kernel), an invalid address may instead trigger a
SIGSEGV signal.
CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.3BSD, C89, C99, POSIX.1-2001. POSIX does not specify any error
conditions.
NOTES
POSIX.1 defines seconds since the Epoch using a formula that
approximates the number of seconds between a specified time and the
Epoch. This formula takes account of the facts that all years that are
evenly divisible by 4 are leap years, but years that are evenly
divisible by 100 are not leap years unless they are also evenly
divisible by 400, in which case they are leap years. This value is not
the same as the actual number of seconds between the time and the
Epoch, because of leap seconds and because system clocks are not
required to be synchronized to a standard reference. The intention is
that the interpretation of seconds since the Epoch values be
consistent; see POSIX.1-2008 Rationale A.4.15 for further rationale.
On Linux, a call to time() with tloc specified as NULL cannot fail with
the error EOVERFLOW, even on ABIs where time_t is a signed 32-bit
integer and the clock ticks past the time 2**31 (2038-01-19 03:14:08
UTC, ignoring leap seconds). (POSIX.1 permits, but does not require,
the EOVERFLOW error in the case where the seconds since the Epoch will
not fit in time_t.) Instead, the behavior on Linux is undefined when
the system time is out of the time_t range. Applications intended to
run after 2038 should use ABIs with time_t wider than 32 bits.
BUGS
Error returns from this system call are indistinguishable from
successful reports that the time is a few seconds before the Epoch, so
the C library wrapper function never sets errno as a result of this
call.
The tloc argument is obsolescent and should always be NULL in new code.
When tloc is NULL, the call cannot fail.
SEE ALSO
date(1), gettimeofday(2), ctime(3), ftime(3), time(7), vdso(7)
COLOPHON
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